Photo of B. Walker
Bruce N. Walker, PhD
bruce.walker@psych.gatech.edu
sonify.psych.gatech.edu/~walkerb


PUBLICATIONS

in press

Walker, B. N., & Nees, M. A. (in press). Theory of Sonification. In T. Hermann, A. Hunt, & J. Neuhoff (Eds.), Handbook of Sonification (pp.TBD). New York: Academic Press. <Preprint PDF>

Nees, M. A., & Walker, B. N. (in press). Data Density and Trend Reversals in Auditory Graphs: Effects on Point Estimation and Trend Identification Tasks. ACM Transactions on Applied Perception. <PDF>

Nees, M. A., & Walker, B. N., (in press). Auditory Interfaces and Sonification. In Constantine Stephanidis (Ed.), The Universal Access Handbook (pp.TBD). New York: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. <PDF>

2008

Davison, B., & Walker, B. N. (2008). AudioPlusWidgets: Bringing sound to software widgets and interface components. Proceedings of the International Conference on Auditory Display (ICAD 2008), Paris, France (24-27 June). pp. TBD. <PDF>

Nees, M. A., & Walker, B. N. (2008). Encoding and representation of information in auditory graphs: Descriptive reports of listener strategies for understanding data. Proceedings of the International Conference on Auditory Display (ICAD 2008), Paris, France (24-27 June). pp. TBD. <PDF>

Dingler, T., Lindsay, J., & Walker, B. N. (2008). Learnability of sound cues for environmental features: Auditory icons, earcons, spearcons, and speech. Proceedings of the International Conference on Auditory Display (ICAD 2008), Paris, France (24-27 June). pp. TBD. <PDF>

Palladino, D., & Walker, B. N. (2008). Efficiency of spearcon-enhanced navigation of one-dimensional electronic menus. Proceedings of the International Conference on Auditory Display (ICAD 2008), Paris, France (24-27 June). pp. TBD. <PDF>

Nees, M. A., & Walker, B. N. (2008). Encoding of information in auditory displays: Initial research on flexibility and processing codes in dual-task scenarios. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES2008), New York, NY (22-26 September). pp. TBD.

Palladino, D., & Walker, B. N. (2008). Navigation efficiency of two dimensional auditory menus using spearcon enhancements. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES2008), New York, NY (22-26 September). pp. TBD.

2007

Walker, B. N. (2007). Consistency of Magnitude Estimations With Conceptual Data Dimensions Used for Sonification. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 21, 579-599. DOI: 10.1002/acp.1291. <PDF>

Nees, M. A., & Walker, B. N. (2007). Listener, task, and auditory graph: Toward a conceptual model of auditory graph comprehension. Proceedings of the International Conference on Auditory Display (ICAD 2007), Montreal, Canada (26-29 June). pp. 266-273. <PDF>

Mauney, L. M., & Walker, B. N. (2007). Individual differences and the field of auditory display: Past research,a present study, and an agenda for the future. Proceedings of the International Conference on Auditory Display (ICAD 2007), Montreal, Canada (26-29 June). pp. 386-390. <PDF>

Davison, B., & Walker, B. N. (2007). Sonification Sandbox overhaul: Software standard for auditory graphs. Proceedings of the International Conference on Auditory Display (ICAD 2007), Montreal, Canada (26-29 June). pp. 509-512. <PDF>

Palladino, D., & Walker, B. N. (2007). Learning rates for auditory menus enhanced with spearcons versus earcons. Proceedings of the International Conference on Auditory Display (ICAD 2007), Montreal, Canada (26-29 June). pp. 274-279. <PDF>

Walker, B. N., Stanley, R. M., Przekwas, A., Tan, X. G., Chen, Z. J., Yang, H. W., Wilkerson, P., Harrand, V., Chancey, C., & Houtsma, A. J. M. (2007). High Fidelity Modeling and Experimental Evaluation of Binaural Bone Conduction Communication Devices. Proceedings of the 19th International Congress on Acoustics (ICA 2007), 2-7 September 2007, Madrid Spain. <PDF>

Mauney, L. M., & Walker, B. N. (2007). Individual Differences in Cognitive, Musical, and Perceptual Abilities. Proceedings of the American Psychological Association Annual Conference, August, 2007. <PDF>

Wilson, J., Walker, B. N., Lindsay, J., Cambias, C., & Dellaert, F. (2007). SWAN: System for Wearable Audio Navigation. Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Wearable Computers (ISWC 2007), Boston, MA (11-13 October). pp. TBD. <PDF>

Walker, B. N., Kim, J., & Pendse, A. (2007). Musical soundscapes for an accessible aquarium: Bringing dynamic exhibits to the visually impaired. Proceedings of the International Computer Music Conference (ICMC 2007), Copenhagen, Denmark (27-30 August). pp. TBD. <PDF>

DeBlasio, J. M., Caldwell, B., Mauney, L., Lyons, K., Kintz, E., Walker, B. N., Jacko, J., & Starner, T. (2007). The Use of Different Technologies During a Medical Interview: Effects on Perceived Quality of Care. Georgia Institute of Technology GVU Center Technical Report # GIT-GVU-07-13. October. <PDF>

Yalla, P., & Walker, B. N. (2007). Advanced Auditory Menus. Georgia Institute of Technology GVU Center Technical Report # GIT-GVU-07-12. October. <PDF>

2006

Walker, B. N., & Kramer, G. (2006). Auditory Displays, Alarms, and Auditory Interfaces. In W. Karwowski (Ed.), International Encyclopedia of Ergonomics and Human Factors (2nd ed.) (pp. 1021-1025). New York: CRC Press. <PDF>

Walker, B. N., & Kramer, G. (2006). Sonification. In W. Karwowski (Ed.),International Encyclopedia of Ergonomics and Human Factors (2nd ed.) (pp. 1254-1256). New York: CRC Press. <PDF>

Walker, B. N., & Lindsay, J. (2006). Navigation performance with a virtual auditory display: Effects of beacon sound, capture radius, and practice. Human Factors, 48(2), 265-278. <PDF>

Walker, B. N., Nance, A., & Lindsay, J. (2006). Spearcons: Speech-based Earcons Improve Navigation Performance in Auditory Menus. Proceedings of the International Conference on Auditory Display (ICAD 2006), London, England (20-24 June). pp. 63-68. <PDF>

Nees, M. A., & Walker, B. N. (2006). Relative intensity of auditory context for auditory graph design. Proceedings of the International Conference on Auditory Display (ICAD 2006), London, England (20-24 June). pp. 95-98. <PDF>

Walker, B. N., Godfrey M. T., Orlosky, J. E., Bruce, C., & Sanford, J. (2006). Aquarium sonification: Soundscapes for accessible dynamic informal learning environments. Proceedings of the International Conference on Auditory Display (ICAD 2006), London, England (20-24 June). pp. 238-241. <PDF>

Walker, B. N., & Lindsay, J. (2006). The effect of a speech discrimination task on navigation in a virtual environment. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES2006), San Francisco, CA (16-20 October). pp. 1538-1541. <PDF>

Stanley, R. M., & Walker, B. N. (2006). Lateralizaton of sounds using bone-conduction headsets. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES2006), San Francisco, CA (16-20 October). pp. 1571-1575. <PDF>

Oh, S. M., Schindler, G., Dellaert, F., Walker, B. N., & Lindsay, J. (2006). Automatic Acquisition of 4D Urban Models and Proactive Auditory Service for Enhanced User Experience. Extended Abstract in Young Investigators Forum In Culture Technology 2006, Daejon, Republic of Korea. <PDF>

2005

Walker, B. N., & Lindsay, J. (2005). Using virtual reality to prototype auditory navigation displays. Assistive Technology Journal 17(1), 72-81. <PDF>

Smith, D. R., & Walker, B. N. (2005). Effects of auditory context cues and training on performance of a point estimation sonification task. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 19(8), 1065-1087. <PDF>

Walker, B. N. & Kramer, G. (2005). Sonification design and metaphors: Comments on Walker and Kramer, ICAD 1996. ACM Transactions on Applied Perception, 2(4), 413-417. <PDF>

Walker, B. N. & Kramer, G. (2005). Mappings and metaphors in auditory displays: An experimental assessment. ACM Transactions on Applied Perception, 2(4), 407-412. <PDF>

Kramer, G. & Walker, B. N. (2005). Sound science: Marking ten International Conferences on Auditory Display. ACM Transactions on Applied Perception, 2(4), 383-388. <PDF>

Wingrave, C. A., Tintner, R., Walker, B. N., Bowman, D. A., & Hodges, L. (2005). Exploring individual differences in raybased selection: Strategies and traits. Proceedings of IEEE VR2005, Bonn, Germany (12 - 16 Mar). <PDF>

Walker, B. N., & Lindsay, J. (2005). Navigation performance in a virtual environment with bonephones. Proceedings of the International Conference on Auditory Display (ICAD2005), Limerick, Ireland (6-10 July) pp 260-263. <PDF>

Walker, B. N., & Nees, M. A. (2005). Brief training for performance of a point estimation sonification task. Proceedings of the International Conference on Auditory Display (ICAD2005), Limerick, Ireland (6-10 July). <PDF>

Walker, B. N., & Stamper, K. (2005). Building Audio Designs Monkey: An audio augmented reality designer's tool. Proceedings of the International Conference on Auditory Display (ICAD2005), Limerick, Ireland (6-10 July). <PDF>

Walker, B. N., & Stanley, R. (2005). Thresholds of audibility for bone-conduction headsets. Proceedings of the International Conference on Auditory Display (ICAD2005), Limerick, Ireland (6-10 July) pp 218-222. <PDF>

Walker, B. N., & Nees, M. A. (2005). An agenda for research and development of multimodal graphs. Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Auditory Graphs, in the Proceedings of International Conference on Auditory Display (ICAD2005), Limerick, Ireland (6-10 July) pp 428-432. <PDF>

Walker, B. N., & Nees, M.A. (2005). Conceptual versus perceptual training for auditory graphs. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES2005), Orlando, FL (26-30 September). pp. 1598-1601. <PDF>

Walker, B. N., & Stanley, R., Iyer, N., Simpson, B. D., & Brungart, D. S. (2005). Evaluation of bone-conduction headsets for use in multitalker communication environments. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES2005), Orlando, FL (26-30 September). pp. 1615-1619. <PDF>

Walker, B. N., & Lindsay, J. (2005). Development and evaluation of a System for Wearable Audio Navigation. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES2005), Orlando, FL (26-30 September). pp. 1607-1609. <PDF>

Walker, B. N., & Stamper, K. (2005). Mobile Audio Designs Monkey: A tool for audio augmented reality. Proceedings of the International Workshop on Auditory Displays for Mobile Context-Aware Systems at Pervasive2005, Munich, Germany (11 May). <PDF>

Walker, B. N., Stanley, R. M., & Lindsay, J. (2005). Task, user characteristics, and environment interact to affect mobile audio design. Proceedings of the International Workshop on Auditory Displays for Mobile Context-Aware Systems at Pervasive2005, Munich, Germany (11 May). <PDF>

2004

Walker, B. N., & Kramer, G. (2004). Ecological psychoacoustics and auditory displays: Hearing, grouping, and meaning making. In J. Neuhoff (Ed.), Ecological psychoacoustics (pp.150-175). New York: Academic Press.  <PDF>

Oh, S. M., Tariq, S., Walker, B. N., & Dellaert, F. (2004). Map-based Priors for Localization. IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2004), Sendai, Japan (28 Sept - 02 Oct).  <PDF>

Walker, B. N., Lindsay, J., & Godfrey, J. (2004). The Audio Abacus: representing numerical values with nonspeech sound for the visually impaired. Proceedings of the Sixth International ACM SIGCAPH Conference on Assistive Technologies ASSETS 2004, Atlanta (18-20 October). <PDF>

Walker, B. N., & Lindsay, J. (2004). Auditory navigation performance is affected by waypoint capture radius. Proceedings of the International Conference on Auditory Display ICAD2004, Sydney (6-10 July). <PDF>

Mauney, B. S., & Walker, B. N. (2004). Creating functional and livable soundscapes for peripheral monitoring of dynamic data. Proceedings of the International Conference on Auditory Display ICAD2004, Sydney (6-10 July). <PDF>

Walker, B. N., & Lindsay, J., & Godfrey, J. (2004). The Audio Abacus: Representing a wide range of values with accuracy and precision. Proceedings of the International Conference on Auditory Display ICAD2004, Sydney (6-10 July). <PDF>

Walker, B. N., & Mauney, L. (2004). Individual differences, cognitive abilities, and the interpretation of auditory graphs. Proceedings of the International Conference on Auditory Display ICAD2004, Sydney (6-10 July). <PDF>

Walker, B. N., & Stanley, R. M. (2004). Eye movement and reaction time are both important in assessment of dialog box usability. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES2004). New Orleans, LA (20-24 September) pp 798-802. <PDF>

Smith, D. R., & Walker, B. N. (2004). Effects of training and auditory context on performance of a point estimation sonification task. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES2004). New Orleans, LA (20-24 September) pp 1828-1831. <PDF>

Mauney, B. S., & Walker, B. N. (2004). Designing systems for the creation and evaluation of dynamic peripheral soundscapes: A usability study. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (HFES2004). New Orleans, LA (20-24 September) pp 764-768. <PDF>

Walker, B. N., & Siebenaler, L. M. (2004). Individual Differences and the Interpretation of Auditory Graphs: Cognitive Abilities and Demographics. Proceedings of the American Psychological Society 16th Annual Convention, Chicago, IL (27-30 May). <Abstract PDF> <Poster PDF>

Walker, B. N., & Lowey, M. (2004). Sonification Sandbox: A graphical toolkit for auditory graphs. Proceedings of the Rehabilitation Engineering & Assistive Technology Society of America (RESNA) 27th International Conference, Orlando, FL., 20-22 June. <Poster PDF>

Wingrave, C. A., Tintner, R., Walker, B. N., Bowman, D. A., & Hodges, L. (2004). Exploring individual differences in raybased selection: Strategies and traits. Presented at the Human Computer Interaction Consortium annual meeting (HCIC 2004). Fraser, Colorado, 4-9 February. <PDF>

2003

Walker, B. N. (2003). A new way to get around: Experimental investigation of non-speech navigation interfaces. Invited talk at the Rehabilitation Engineering & Assistive Technology Society of America (RESNA) 26th International Conference. Atlanta, GA, 19-23 June. <Presentation Slides PDF>

Walker, B. N., & Cothran, J. T. (2003). Sonification Sandbox: A graphical toolkit for auditory graphs. Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Auditory Display ICAD2003, Boston, MA (6-9 July) pp 161-163. <PDF>

Walker, B. N., & Lindsay, J. (2003). Effect of beacon sounds on navigation performance in a virtual reality environment. Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Auditory Display ICAD2003, Boston, MA (6-9 July) pp 204-207. <PDF>

2002

D'Orazio, J. & Walker, B. N. (2002). Designing better Traveler Information Systems: Cognitive and task-related factors. Proceedings of the 46th Annual Meeting of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, Baltimore, USA (30 September-04 October). <PDF>

Smith, D. R. & Walker, B. N. (2002). Tick-marks, axes, and labels: The effects of adding context to auditory graphs. Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Auditory Display ICAD2002, Kyoto, Japan (02-05 July) pp 362-367. <PDF>

Walker, B. N. (2002). Magnitude estimation of conceptual data dimensions for use in sonification. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 8, 211-221. <PDF>

2001

Walker, B. N., & Lane, D. M. (2001). Psychophysical scaling of sonification mappings: A comparison of visually impaired and sighted listeners. Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Auditory Display ICAD2001, Espoo, Finland (28 July-01 August) pp 90-94. <PDF of Abstract> <PDF>

Walker, B. N., & Lane, D. M. (2001). Sonification mappings database on the Web. Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Auditory Display ICAD2001, Espoo, Finland (28 July-01 August) p 281. <PDF>

2000

Walker, B. N. (2000). Magnitude estimation of conceptual data dimensions for use in sonification. Doctoral Dissertation. Rice University, Houston, TX. <PDF>

Walker, B. N., & Ehrenstein, A. (2000). Pitch and pitch change interact in auditory displays. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied, 6, 15-30. <PDF>

Walker, B. N., Kramer, G., & Lane, D. M. (2000). Psychophysical scaling of sonification mappings. Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Auditory Display ICAD2000, Atlanta, GA (April). <PDF> <PDF of Presentation>

1999

Kramer, G., Walker, B., Bonebright, T., Cook, P., Flowers, J., Miner, N.; Neuhoff, J., Bargar, R., Barrass, S., Berger, J., Evreinov, G., Fitch, W., Gröhn, M., Handel, S., Kaper, H., Levkowitz, H., Lodha, S., Shinn-Cunningham, B., Simoni, M., Tipei, S. (1999). The Sonification Report: Status of the Field and Research Agenda. Report prepared for the National Science Foundation by members of the International Community for Auditory Display. Santa Fe, NM: ICAD. <PDF>

1998

Walker, B. N., & Ehrenstein, A. (1998). Congruity and compatibility effects with dynamic auditory stimuli. Paper presented at the annual conference for research psychologists in Texas, ARMADILLO '98, Houston, TX, May.

1997

Ehrenstein, A., Walker, B. N., Czerwinski, M., & Feldman, E. M. (1997). Some fundamentals of training and transfer: Practice benefits are not automatic. In Quiñones, M. & Ehrenstein, A. (Eds.). Training for a rapidly changing workplace: Applications of psychological research. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Walker, B. N. (1997). Congruency effects with dynamic auditory stimuli. Masters Thesis. Rice University, Houston, TX. <PDF>

Walker, B. N., & Ehrenstein, A. (1997). Congruency effects with dynamic auditory stimuli: Design implications. Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Auditory Display ICAD97, Palo Alto, CA (2-5 November). <PDF>

Walker, B. N., & Ehrenstein, A. (1997). Congruity effects with dynamic auditory stimuli: Pitch and pitch change interact in speeded classification. Poster presented at the Annual Meeting of the Psychonomics Society, Philadelphia, PA, October.

1996

Walker, B. N., & Campbell, P. D. (1996). Human Research Facility: Flight Crew Telecommunication Modes. Experiment report prepared for NASA, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas, Flight Crew Support Division, NAS9-18800, Document LMES-32159. June.

Walker, B. N., & Ehrenstein, A. (1996). Cross-dimensional compatibility effects with dynamic auditory stimuli. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Southwestern Psychological Association, Houston, TX, April.

Walker, B. N., & Kramer, G. (1996). Human factors and the acoustic ecology: Considerations for multimedia audio design. Proceedings of the Audio Engineering Society 101st Convention, Los Angeles, CA (8-11 November). <PDF>

Walker, B. N., & Kramer, G. (1996). Mappings and metaphors in auditory displays: An experimental assessment. Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Auditory Display ICAD96, Palo Alto, CA (4-6 November). <PDF>

1995

Dutta, A., & Walker, B. N. (1995). Persistence of the PRP effect: Evaluating the response-selection bottleneck. Poster presented at the 36th Meeting of the Psychonomics Society, Los Angeles, CA, November. <PDF>